Amakuru

Barahari hose, kandi benshi bajugunywe nyuma yo gukoreshwa.Ibikoresho byinshi bimanika ibintu ubu bizwi ko bisimbuye miliyari ya mashini yamanikwa buri mwaka.
Barahari hose, kandi benshi bajugunywe nyuma yo gukoreshwa.Ibikoresho byinshi bimanika ibintu ubu bizwi ko bisimbuye miliyari ya mashini yamanikwa buri mwaka.
New York, AMERIKA-Mw'isi yamaze kuzura plastiki, kumanika ibintu ntacyo bimaze.Abahanga bavuga ko buri mwaka ku isi hose miliyari zimanika za pulasitike zijugunywa, inyinshi muri zo zikaba zikoreshwa kandi zikajugunywa mbere yuko imyenda imanikwa mu maduka, tutibagiwe no kwambara imyenda y'abaguzi.
Ariko nk'uko umufaransa wapanze Roland Mouret abivuga, ntabwo bigomba kumera gutya.Mu cyumweru cy’imyambarire ya Londere muri Nzeri, yifatanyije na Arch & Hook ikorera mu mujyi wa Amsterdam gushyira ahagaragara Blue, hanger ikozwe mu myanda ya plastike 80% yakusanyirijwe mu ruzi.
Mouret azakoresha gusa ubururu bwa Blue hanger, bwagenewe gutunganywa no gukoreshwa, kandi arahamagarira cyane abo bakorana nabo kubusimbuza.Nubwo kumanika plastike ikoreshwa ari agace gato kikibazo cyimyanda ya plastike, nikimenyetso cyinganda zerekana imideli zishobora guhuriza hamwe.Ati: “Plastiki ikoreshwa ntabwo ari ibintu byiza.”“Niyo mpamvu tugomba guhinduka.”
Nk’uko gahunda y’umuryango w’abibumbye ishinzwe ibidukikije ibivuga, buri mwaka isi itanga toni miliyoni 300 za plastiki.Inganda zerekana imideli ubwazo zuzuyemo imyenda ya pulasitike, impapuro zipfunyika hamwe nubundi buryo bwo gupakira.
Abamanika benshi bagenewe gutuma imyenda itagira inkeke kuva muruganda kugeza ikigo gikwirakwiza kugeza kububiko.Ubu buryo bwo gusohora bwitwa "kumanika imyenda" kubera ko umukarani ashobora kumanika imyenda mu gasanduku, agatwara igihe.Ntabwo ari amaduka make gusa amaduka maremare yo mumuhanda ayakoresha;abadandaza b'akataraboneka barashobora gusimbuza ibimanikwa mu ruganda n'ibimanikwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru - ubusanzwe bikozwe mu giti - mbere yuko imyenda yerekanwa ku baguzi.
Kumanika by'agateganyo bikozwe muri plastiki zoroheje nka polystirene kandi zidahenze kubyara.Kubwibyo, gukora ibimanika bishya mubisanzwe birahenze kuruta kubaka sisitemu yo gutunganya.Nk’uko Arch & Hook ibivuga, imyanda igera kuri 85% irangirira mu myanda, aho bishobora gufata ibinyejana kugira ngo ibore.Iyo umanika ahunze, plastiki irashobora guhumanya inzira zamazi nuburozi bwubuzima bwo mu nyanja.Dukurikije ibigereranyo byakozwe n’ihuriro ry’ubukungu ku isi, toni miliyoni 8 za plastiki zinjira mu nyanja buri mwaka.
Mouret ntabwo yambere ibone igisubizo kumanika plastike.Abacuruzi benshi nabo bakemura iki kibazo.
Intego niyakirwa kare igitekerezo cyo kongera gukoresha.Kuva mu 1994, yongeye gutunganya ibimanikwa bya pulasitike mu myenda, igitambaro n'imyenda yo gutunganya, gusana cyangwa gutunganya.Umuvugizi yavuze ko kumanika umucuruzi yakoresheje inshuro nyinshi muri 2018 byari bihagije kuzenguruka isi inshuro eshanu.Mu buryo nk'ubwo, Marks na Spencer bongeye gukoresha cyangwa gutunganya ibimashini birenga miliyari imwe mu myaka 12 ishize.
Zara itangiza "umushinga umwe wo kumanika" usimbuza ibimanikwa by'agateganyo n'ibindi bisobanuro byanditse bikozwe muri plastiki ikoreshwa neza.Ibimanikwa noneho bisubizwa kubatanga ibicuruzwa kugirango babone imyenda mishya kandi basubizwe.Ati: “Abamanika Zara bazongera gukoreshwa bameze neza.Iyo imwe ivunitse, izongera gukoreshwa kugira ngo ikorwe na Zara nshya ”, umuvugizi w'ikigo.
Dukurikije ibigereranyo bya Zara, mu mpera za 2020, iyi gahunda izashyirwa mu bikorwa ku isi yose urebye ko buri mwaka isosiyete ikora ibicuruzwa bishya bigera kuri miliyoni 450, ntabwo ari ibintu byoroshye.
Abandi bacuruzi barashaka kugabanya umubare wimanikwa ya plastike.H&M yavuze ko irimo kwiga moderi zishobora gukoreshwa mu rwego rwo kugabanya ibikoresho bipfunyika muri 2025. Burberry irimo kugerageza ifumbire mvaruganda ikozwe muri bioplastique, kandi Stella McCartney arimo arashakisha ubundi buryo bwo gukoresha impapuro n'ikarito.
Abaguzi barushijeho guhangayikishwa nibidukikije byimyambarire.Ubushakashatsi buherutse gukorwa na Boston Consulting Group ku baguzi bo mu bihugu bitanu (Burezili, Ubushinwa, Ubufaransa, Ubwongereza, na Amerika) bwerekanye ko 75% by’abaguzi bemeza ko kuramba ari “cyane” cyangwa “cyane”.Abantu barenze kimwe cya gatatu cyabantu bavuze ko kubera ibidukikije cyangwa imibereho myiza yabaturage, bahinduye ubudahemuka bwabo bava mubindi.
Umwanda wa plastike nisoko yihariye itera ibibazo.Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n'itsinda rya Sheldon muri Kamena bwerekanye ko 65% by'Abanyamerika “bahangayikishijwe cyane” cyangwa “bahangayikishijwe cyane” na plastiki zo mu nyanja - abarenga 58% bafite imyumvire y'imihindagurikire y'ikirere.
Umuyobozi mukuru wa PricewaterhouseCoopers, Luna Atamian Hahn-Petersen yagize ati: "Abaguzi, cyane cyane imyaka igihumbi na Generation Z, bagenda barushaho kumenya ikibazo cya plastiki imwe rukumbi."Ku masosiyete yimyambarire, ubutumwa burasobanutse: komeza umuvuduko cyangwa gutakaza abakiriya.
Isosiyete ya Mile, isosiyete ikora ibijyanye no gutunganya ibicuruzwa ikorera mu mujyi wa Londres, yatangiye kwakira imashini zimenetse kandi zidakenewe zimanikwa mu bucuruzi bw’ubucuruzi, zajanjaguwe kandi zikoreshwa na mugenzi we muri Wales, Endurmeta.
Braiform itanga ibicuruzwa birenga miriyari 2 kubacuruzi nka JC Penney, Kohl's, Primark na Walmart buri mwaka, kandi ikora ibigo byinshi byo gukwirakwiza mubwongereza no muri Amerika mugutondekanya ibimanikwa byakoreshejwe no kongera kubigeza kubatanga imyenda.Yongera gukoresha miliyari 1 buri mwaka, gusya, guhimba no guhindura ibimanitse byangiritse bikamanikwa.
Mu Kwakira, ibicuruzwa bitanga ibisubizo SML Group byatangije EcoHanger, ihuza amaboko ya fibre yongeye gukoreshwa hamwe na polypropilene.Ibice bya pulasitike bizafungura kandi birashobora koherezwa kubatanga imyenda kugirango bongere gukoreshwa.Niba ivunitse, polypropilene - ubwoko ubona mu ndobo ya yogurt - iremewe cyane kubitunganya.
Abandi bakora inganda bamanika gukoresha plastike burundu.Bavuze ko gukusanya no gukoresha sisitemu ikora gusa mugihe umanika atagiye murugo hamwe nabakiriya.Babikora kenshi.
Caroline Hughes, Umuyobozi mukuru w’ibicuruzwa bya Avery Dennison Sustainable Packaging, yagize ati: “Twabonye ihinduka ry’imikorere y’imitsi, ariko amaherezo azakirwa n’umuguzi wa nyuma.”Mu cyuma.kole.Irashobora gukoreshwa, ariko irashobora kandi gukoreshwa muburyo bworoshye nibindi bicuruzwa byimpapuro nyuma yubuzima bwingirakamaro.
Ikirangantego cyo mu Bwongereza Normn gikoresha ikarito ikomeye mu gukora ibimanika, ariko bidatinze izashyira ahagaragara verisiyo hamwe n’ibyuma kugira ngo byuzuze neza ubwikorezi bwo mu ruganda kugeza ku bubiko.Umuyobozi ushinzwe iterambere ry'uruganda, Carine Middeldorp yagize ati: "Aha niho dushobora kugira uruhare runini mu bijyanye no kumanika no kumanikwa."Normn ahanini ikorana nabacuruzi, ibirango na hoteri, ariko ikanaganira nabasukura byumye.
Uwashinze iyi sosiyete akaba n'umuyobozi mukuru, Gary Barker, yavuze ko igiciro cyo hejuru cyo kumanika impapuro zishobora kuba kinini-igiciro cy’uruganda rukora ibicuruzwa muri Amerika Ditto rugera kuri 60% kuko “nta kintu gihendutse kuruta plastiki.”.
Nubwo bimeze bityo, inyungu zabo ku ishoramari zirashobora kugaragara mubundi buryo.Ditto yongeye kumanika impapuro zirakwiriye kubisubizo byimyenda myinshi.Nibyoroshye 20% kandi byoroshye kuruta kumanika plastike, bivuze ko abatanga ibicuruzwa bashobora gupakira imyenda myinshi muri buri karito.Nubwo kumanika plastike bisaba ibishusho bihenze, impapuro ziroroshye guca muburyo butandukanye.
Kubera ko impapuro zifunitse cyane - “nka asibesitosi,” nk'uko Buck abivuga, zirakomeye.Ditto ifite ibishushanyo 100 bishobora gushyigikira imyenda kuva imyenda y'imbere yoroshye kugeza ibikoresho bya ହକି bipima ibiro 40.Mubyongeyeho, urashobora kubicapisha, kandi Ditto akoresha wino ishingiye kuri soya yo gucapa.Ati: "Turashobora gutobora, dushobora gucapa ibirango n'ibishushanyo, kandi dushobora gucapa QR code".
Arch & Hook itanga kandi izindi ebyiri zimanikwa: imwe ikozwe mu biti byemejwe na komite ishinzwe amashyamba, indi ikozwe mu rwego rwo hejuru 100% byongera gukoreshwa na thermoplastique.Rick Gartner, umuyobozi mukuru ushinzwe imari muri Arch & Hook, yavuze ko abadandaza batandukanye bafite ibyo bakeneye bitandukanye, kandi n’abakora ibicuruzwa bagomba kumanika ibicuruzwa byabo.
Ariko ingano nubunini bwikibazo cya plastike mubikorwa byimyambarire ni nini kuburyo nta sosiyete nimwe-cyangwa imbaraga imwe-ishobora kubikemura wenyine.
“Iyo utekereje ku myambarire, ibintu byose bifitanye isano n'imyambaro, inganda, n'umurimo;dukunze kwirengagiza ibintu nk'imanikwa, ”Hahn-Petersen.Ati: “Ariko kuramba ni ikibazo gikomeye, kandi hakenewe ibikorwa byo guhuriza hamwe ibisubizo kugira ngo bikemuke.”
Ikarita yerekana © 2021 Ubucuruzi bwimyambarire.uburenganzira bwose burabitswe.Kubindi bisobanuro, nyamuneka soma amategeko n'amabwiriza hamwe na politiki yerekeye ubuzima bwite.